The benefits are both financial (for example, access to mortgage loans) and social (permission to buy a ticket on one of the new high-speed trains). Routledge. Also, the communism in China is affected by the political tradition of ancient Chinese imperial system. Part of the systems legitimacy in the eyes of the Chinese is, again, rooted in history: China has often had to fight off invaders and, as is rarely acknowledged in the West, fought essentially alone against Japan from 1937 until 1941, when the U.S. entered World War II. Along with China's economic and military rise, its leading political values will increasingly shape both China and the world at large. Since China is a communist and one-party state, citizen engagement is lower in comparison to democratic states. The US is surrounded by Mexico, Canada, the Pacific Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean. A Chinese professor who has lived in both the US and China believes there is a core cultural difference leading to the country's diverging paths. What are the biggest risks for Chinas economy in the coming years? In fact, China is the only G20 country to have posted positive growth. While the U.S. political system is partly inspired by the British example, it differs in many important respects. Our response? But surely gun shops being essential service during a huge medical virus shutdown is the height of insanity at this moment on this planet. In terms of political system, China is unique to all other countries in the world since up to date it is still run by a Communist party (Nolan, 2012). The main difference between Chinese and US politics is the political ideologies, and one is founded on a democratic yet capitalist system while the other has been led through decades on a Communist and one-party system. The economic nationalism model that ultimately serves U.S. economic interests. Chinas GDP is forecast to grow 7% to 8% this year. HBR: Chinas economy seems to be the healthiest in the world at the moment. He wisely noted that "Democracy is not Coca-Cola, which, with the syrup produced by the United States, tastes the same across the world. Cavusgil, S. T., Ghauri, P. N., & Akcal, A. The White Houses China-bashing is more about a fight for self-identification than about exonerating the Trump administration. Until that happens, the world will remain unstable as the U.S. aggressively tries to eliminate political diversity. This observation makes one wonder whether the Democrats are exploiting well-intended pro-diversity causes at home as part of a power struggle against Republicans. Amid the unprecedented challenge of COVID-19, clear differences have emerged between the Chinese and American responses. Borner, S., Brunetti, A., & Weder, B. Entry to the CCP and to a university involves compulsory courses in Marxist-Leninist thought, which has also become part of popular culture, as evidenced by the 2018 TV talk show Marx Got It Right. But over the next 30 years, thanks to policies aimed at developing the economy and increasing capital investment, China emerged as a global power, with the second-largest economy in the world and a burgeoning middle class eager to spend. China and the United States are one of the strongest economies in the world, and both nations are considered superpowers and have contributed significantly to global politics and culture. Solve your problem differently! And with handy apps such as Xuexi Qiangguo (Study the powerful nation and a pun on Study Xi) to teach the basics of thinkers including Marx, Lenin, Mao, and Xi Jinping, political education is now a 21st-century business. In a speech in 2000 former U.S. President Bill Clinton declared, By joining the WTO, China is not simply agreeing to import more of our products, it is agreeing to import one of democracys most cherished values: economic freedom. These are valid points and deserve to be expanded upon in order to enlighten others further. But the technology war also hurts U.S. suppliers. Nevertheless, these changes do not seem to stand any chance of influencing its foreign policymakers, who remain convinced of their system's superiority relative to all others. The US is a developed country, its national infrastructure has essentially been completed; China is a developing country and is undergoing large-scale infrastructure construction. Would you like to get this essay by email? Under the pressure of aggregated economic inequality brought by globalization, and the army of unemployed people already displaced by new technologies, the U.S. government faces severe structural constraints under the present model of state-market and state-society interactions. A Leninist approach to selecting future leaders is also a way the CCP has maintained its legitimacy, because to many ordinary Chinese, this approach produces relatively competent leaders: They are chosen by the CCP and progress through the system by successfully running first a town and then a province; only after that do they serve on the Politburo. The Biden administration is expected to restore that policy and to work within the rules of international institutions, which I expect will defuse tensions. In our work we have come to see that people in both business and politics often cling to three widely shared but essentially false assumptions about modern China. It seems that the only country that can stifle Chinas growth is China itselfif it makes major policy mistakes. In our experience, many Westerners dont understand what that means or why it matters. The point is that a China-based supply chain has proved a blessing, not a curse, in this pandemic. Federal and state governments wrangled and blamed each other over the pandemic response, exposing public discontent with the efficacy and legitimacy of the government, as well as the internal strife in society. In the early 2010s she started moderating her previously outspoken political comments on Weibo as censorship tightened up. Additionally, in such a system, services and products are distributed and offered by the individuals working privately and independently with limited regulation from the government. But the third assumption can also mislead those seeking to engage with China. After observing how other nations are doing well under democracy in the international market, countries with command systems are now doing all they can to change this even if it means giving up some of their traditions. However, in recent times China has overtaken the US by at least one measure of total economic strength, which is GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP). This explains why the People's Republic of China (PRC) never attaches any political strings to its economic deals nor makes ultimatums regarding any of its partners. Moving from Beijing to Shanghai has made my Mandarin worse. However, as the world is constantly moving towards a market-based system, the country had to switch to this system that allowed it to increase economic and still maintain its communist status. The city of Rongcheng, for example, uses big data (available to the government through surveillance and other data-capturing infrastructure) to give people individualized social credit scores. These are used to reward or punish citizens according to their political and financial virtues or vices. Today he is the CEO of PAG, a $40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong. Beijing expats speak Mandarin better than Shanghai ones. Diversity is naturally occurring, whether it be among ethnicities, religions, governing systems or whatever else. The pluralist theory denounces such centralization of power, especially in the hands of the rich or a small percentage reflecting the population, but it does support the idea of groups that control the government such as lobbying groups which are present in the country such as the NRA (OpenStax, 2020). Lets be honest: A rising China may be a threat to Americas economic and technological supremacy, but not to its national security, because China doesnt export its ideology or political system and doesnt seek regime change anywhere in the world. And when Xi announced, in 2017, that the three critical battles for Chinas development would fall in the areas of reducing financial risk, addressing pollution, and alleviating poverty, he also made it clear that the objective of these reforms was to solidify the system rather than to change it. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. Land use is the most direct manifestation of human activities, accompanied by changes in land cover. China's lead over the U.S. is especially clear in Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and France, where people are at least 10 percentage points more likely to see China as the leading economy. By 2020 she was intent on seeing her seven-year-old grandson and infant granddaughter (a second child had only recently become legal) do well. The vehicles for much of this investment are still the CCPs Soviet-style five-year plans, which include the development of what Xi has termed an eco-civilization built around solar energy technology, smart cities, and high-density, energy-efficient housing. Chinas rulers, therefore, see foreign engagement as a source less of opportunity than of threat, uncertainty, and even humiliation. Avoid editing or writing from scratch! Thus July 2020 polling data from the Ash Center at Harvards Kennedy School of Government revealed 95% satisfaction with the Beijing government among Chinese citizens. Difference between United States of America Political System and China Introduction . Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. Not blaming China means indirectly acknowledging U.S. shortcomings, which could be explosive in U.S. partisan politics. The highest court in China is the Supreme Peoples Court, which includes the Chief Justice and over 340 other judges, including 13 that are considered grand justices. China on the other hand practice totalitarianism and collectivism which is the opposite of democracy. However, it is important to compare and contrast countries to see which policies are working in the best way and what can be changed. Voter suppression has been reported through disenfranchising people of color, through restrictions placed on mail-in voting that can cause irregularities in the system and strict voter ID laws that can contribute to issues that can cause certain people to not place votes(McKeever, 2020). ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. Hire a professional with VAST experience! From the depth of their hearts, Americans confront the reality that the beacon of freedom has to learn from the authoritarian government of communist China in some respects. The primary contrast between China and the U.S. is that the former supports political diversity while the latter aggressively imposes its envisioned political conformity upon all others. The United States had maintained a fairly consistent foreign policy until Trump. Sometimes, in fact, it must sacrifice economic benefits for political or military ones. China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. Chinas saving rate will drop significantly as its population ages, and investment will slow. The PRC isn't just pragmatic, but also respectful towards all of its partners. This approach is counterproductive and has generated immense resentment against the U.S. across the world. For example, over the past 15 years it has built the longest high-speed rail system in the world. In International Business: Competing in the global marketplace (11th ed.). But it wont back off from its territorial claims, all of which predate the Peoples Republic of China. Similarities and Differences: US vs. China There are both very strikingly similarities and differences compared with their American counterparts in regards to culture and institutions. Lobbying groups have more of an influence on the government of the United States than the citizens themselves, which creates the question if the US is more pluralist or elitist, and the matter of the fact is that the US is not really a representative republic but rather a pluralist oligarchy. The major focus of government expenditure is domestic infrastructure. This is a belief alien to many Western business executives, especially if theyve had experience with other authoritarian regimes. Worse, the U.S. has displayed an institutional helplessness in the face of such fundamental problems. What to Know. As market research consistently tells us, the majority of individual Chinese investors behave more like traders. Jimmy Dore delivered a monologue on the history of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and how a "tiny cabal" are using the situation for profit on Friday's broadcast of 'Tucker Carlson Tonight' on FOX News. The country itself remains so diverse that some minority groups even have their own autonomous administrative divisions which include regions, prefectures and counties. China has also defied predictions that its authoritarianism would inhibit its capacity to innovate. Considering that China adopted the system of the dynamic market much later than other nations, it has done remarkably well to have such a positive impact on its economy. With its democratic society, the U.S. is unable to prevent financial capitalism from swelling, or to take dramatic action against vested interests to formulate a model under which finance and industry mutually optimize and complement one another. Its a plausible narrative. The branches of the government are not only responsible for the laws of the land but are also responsible for ensuring free and fair elections and that the citizens of the country that they represent are being heard (USG, 2020). The task, in both China and the West, is to reduce the gap between the ideal of basic human rights and the reality. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . Where can it move its production if the target market is China? PAG invested about $100 million in a digital music business in China a few years back which subsequently merged with a similar business and changed its name to Tencent Music Entertainment. Each branch of the government plays an important role in providing for the countrys citizens by creating laws and policies that are meant to make the living standards of the citizens better and provide them with safety and rights. Even though China has a one-party state, it, however, has eight independent political parties that are controlled by the CCP (CIA, 2020). In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. The founding fathers of USA forecasted their nation to be one that respects and follow basic human rights and Biblical ideas as guidance. In the China-U.S. ideological competition during the pandemic, what the U.S. seeks is not all about U.S. leadership in the international community nor U.S. economic benefits but rather coping with its identity crisis. Here and there, yes, but not in a meaningful way in general, and not without harm to itself. Its currency appreciated 6% against the dollar last year. China and the global economy. A major turning point was the financial crisis of 2008, which in Chinese eyes revealed the hollowness of the Washington consensus that democratization and economic success were linked. Meanwhile, American consumers have paid for the higher tariffs, because the average prices of Chinese exports havent decreased. China is still in the process of building a social safety net that is largely undefined and underfunded, and it has no tax on personal capital gains. The Stages of Strategic Crime Analysis Report. In contrast, the U.S. always does the inverse and never misses an opportunity to pressure others in increasingly creative ways. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. The . However, the long-term effects cannot be fully accessed at the moment. Investors have always been enticed by Chinas vast market. Seventy years on, many Chinese believe that their political system is now actually more legitimate and effective than the Wests. Some of its technological successes have been driven by market forces: People wanted to buy goods or communicate more easily, and the likes of Alibaba and Tencent have helped them do just that. Thus many Chinese consumers prefer the short-term gains of the stock market to locking their money away in long-term savings vehicles. Corporatism also recognizes only one organization as its sole representative, which can be seen through the CCP (Chan, 1994). In that period there has been ruins of buildings as well as joy of victories, rapid advance in success as well as pride, tortuous ordeals and lesions from mistakes done . Recognizing that the authoritarian Marxist-Leninist system is accepted in China as not only legitimate but also effective is crucially important if Westerners are to make more-realistic long-term decisions about how to deal with or invest in the country. Most significantly, the British have a democratic parliamentary government, headed by a monarch and prime minister. Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER! In fact, the Chinese word for the resolution of a conflict (jiejue) can imply a result in which one side overcomes the other, rather than one in which both sides are content. ProEssays website, please click below to request its removal: Liked this essay sample but need an original one? The ideological debate that followed was perhaps inevitable. The policies that are discussed in the Legislative Branch on the government are also through the civic engagement process, where the representatives elected by the citizens seek to change the policy or create one to serve them (lumen, 2020). The executive branch of the government holds the highest position of head of state and the cabinet as well, which is appointed by the National Peoples Congress. Chinas high-speed rail could cover the distance between Boston and Chicago in about four hours, whereas Amtraks fastest service takes 22 hours. From the U.S. perspective, upholding the banner of freedom and democracy no longer matters. Now CEO of the Hong Kongbased $40 billion private-equity firm PAG, Shan spoke with HBR Editor in Chief Adi Ignatius about the economic prospects for China and the United States. for only $16.05 $11/page. The study of geography is centered on the regional system of the human-land relationship, and the core of the study of the geographical system of the human-land relationship is land use change. In November 2020 Chinas trade surplus with the U.S. was 70% greater than it had been in January 2017, when Donald Trump took office. China has stolen American jobs, the thinking goes, so we oppose China. For example, in making the case for why it should be involved in the UKs 5G infrastructure rollout, Huawei styled itself the John Lewis of China, in reference to the well-known British department store that is regularly ranked as one of the UKs most trusted brands. However, there are usually lawful ways to get around that. What's most ironic about this observation is that domestic American politics are nowadays focusing on the merits of diversity, yet its foreign policy is exclusively predicated on conformity. 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